• cystatin C (structure pictured) is a human protein studied as a biomarker of decreased kidney function and prognosis in cardiovascular diseases?

Facts on topics related to Cystatin C

Protein

• Europe's most powerful supercomputer, MareNostrum, will be used in human genome research, protein research, weather forecasting and the design of new drugs?
• proteins are often broken down into smaller fragments by in-gel digestion before they are analysed by mass spectrometry?
• cell adhesion is a product of protein bonding?
• coccolithovirus, a giant double-stranded DNA virus, has 472 protein-coding genes, and is the largest known marine virus by genome?
• cystatin C (structure pictured) is a human protein studied as a biomarker of decreased kidney function and prognosis in cardiovascular diseases?
• DNA clamp proteins (pictured) keep the DNA polymerase replicating enzyme bound to the template DNA strand, increasing the rate of DNA synthesis up to 1,000-fold?
• Dr. Edward Smith showed that muscles did not get their energy from proteins but from fats and carbohydrates?
• Hans Freeman introduced protein crystallography to Australia and determined the structure of plastocyanin, the first protein to be structurally characterised in the southern hemisphere?
• Jane S. Richardson developed the ubiquitous ribbon diagram method of representing proteins?
• Jean-Claude Latombe's motion planning algorithm Probabilistic Roadmap Method not only applies to robotic motion planning, but can also be used in protein trajectories simulations?

DNA

• New York abstract painter Dennis Ashbaugh is one of the first artists to employ DNA marking patterns in paintings?
• Cetartiodactyla is a hypothesis based on DNA that suggests whales and hippos are related?
• coccolithovirus, a giant double-stranded DNA virus, has 472 protein-coding genes, and is the largest known marine virus by genome?
• DNA clamp proteins (pictured) keep the DNA polymerase replicating enzyme bound to the template DNA strand, increasing the rate of DNA synthesis up to 1,000-fold?
• genetic monitoring of the DNA from feathers shed by the Eastern Imperial Eagle shows it is shorter lived than other long-lived raptors?
• nucleic acid design is used in DNA nanotechnology and DNA computing to create structures out of DNA, such as nanomachines, polyhedra (example pictured), and nanoscale origami?
• square root biased sampling was originally developed as a way to sample long sequences of DNA?
• a new orchid species, Ornithidium donaldeedodii, was "discovered" when a mislabeled plant at the University of California Botanical Garden had its DNA analyzed?
• in a review of David Jordan's debut album, Set the Mood, it was suggested that the singer could have been cloned from the DNA of Lenny Kravitz, Prince and Michael Jackson?
• more than 98% of the human genome is noncoding DNA, sometimes referred to as "junk" DNA?

Gene

• mutations in the FLNB gene cause boomerang dysplasia, a lethal congenital disorder in which the limbs' long bones malform into the shape of a boomerang?
• mutations of the ATN1 gene result in dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy, a neurological disorder with diverse problems as dementia, ataxia, seizures and obstructive sleep apnea?
• microchromosomes are very tiny gene-rich chromosomes which are a typical genetic component in birds, and some groups of non-mammalian animals?
• spatiotemporal gene expression refers to the patterns in which genes are expressed in different tissues as an organism develops?
• a researcher at the University of Minnesota College of Biological Sciences discovered that the linear arrangement of genes on a chromosome corresponds to the development of body segments in fruit flies?
• although the extinct Norfolk Island Boobook was last sighted in 1996, its genes live on in the hybrid descendants of the last living female bird?
• despite being in different classes, Bradyrhizobium and Klebsiella pneumoniae have similar genes for fixing nitrogen?
• the gene that creates the crest of the Bali Duck also causes physical defects which can kill it before it hatches?
• the T4 rII experimental system enabled biologist Seymour Benzer to map a gene down to the level of one or two base pairs before the invention of DNA sequencing?

Myocardial infarction

• a 2009 study found that Polycap—a five-in-one polypill combining three high blood pressure medications, a cholesterol reducer and aspirin—could cut heart attack and stroke risk in half for many?
• attorney P. Cameron DeVore died of an apparent heart attack, but jested in a self-written obituary that he had succumbed to "a surfeit of pâté de foie gras ice cream smothered in huckleberries"?
• the inbred villagers of Stoccareddo in Italy are a medical phenomenon, with unusually low frequencies of hypertension, strokes and heart attacks despite a high-cholesterol diet?

Obesity

• Fay Boozman, as the state health director under Governor Mike Huckabee, managed the "Healthy Arkansas" initiative, including the fight against obesity?
• MOMO syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder characterised by macrosomia, obesity, macrocephaly and ocular abnormalities?
• the small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome is a rare complication of bariatric surgery for obesity?

Amino acid

• even one hundred years after its discovery, the role of the amino acid ergothioneine (molecule pictured) in the human body remains a mystery?
• the amino acid glutamine can be broken down to produce glutamate, aspartate, carbon dioxide, pyruvate, lactate, alanine and citrate?
• the presence of indoleic acid in one's urine may indicate a pathological accumulation of the amino acid tryptophan in the blood?

Enzyme

• biochemists Ralph F. Hirschmann and Robert Bruce Merrifield both led teams that synthesized the enzyme ribonuclease and while Merrifield won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Hirschmann did not?
• Boneless Fish is a Japanese frozen food made from fish, which is deboned by hand and then glued to its original shape using a food-grade enzyme?
• renalase is an enzyme that breaks down stress hormones and decreases blood pressure?
• measuring the levels of certain enzymes called transaminases can help to diagnose some liver diseases?
• the enzyme neprilysin (pictured) degrades amyloid beta, a peptide whose abnormal aggregation is implicated as a cause of Alzheimer's disease?
• the venom of the Beaded Lizard (pictured) has been found to contain several enzymes useful in the manufacturing of drugs to treat diabetes?
• the Gaussian Network Model has a wide range of applications from enzymes composed of a single domain, to large macromolecular assemblies, such as ribosomes and viral capsids?
• the presence of the metal ion in metalloprotein enzymes allows them to perform functions, such as catalyzing redox reactions, that other polypeptide enzymes cannot achieve?
• the white bird's nest mushroom Crucibulum laeve (pictured) produces a chemical that inhibits an enzyme implicated in the formation of cataracts in individuals with diabetes mellitus?

HIV

• Botswana international footballer Donald Thobega was involved in the Test For Life campaign, which encourages supporters to get tested for HIV and AIDS?
• Czech scientist Antonín Holý cooperated on the development of important antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV and hepatitis B?
• Michael Jackson's "Gone Too Soon" was dedicated to the memory of Ryan White, a teenager who died following a battle with HIV/AIDS?
• NBC network executive Perry Lafferty produced the 1985 television movie An Early Frost, one of the first dramatic films to deal with the subject of HIV / AIDS?
• Gideon Byamugisha was the first religious leader in Africa to publicly announce that he was HIV positive?
• Jeannette Kagame, the current First Lady of Rwanda, works to help victims of the Rwandan Genocide and HIV/AIDS?
• Moscow Gay Pride has been described as "satanic" and likely to increase the spread of HIV/AIDS by Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov (pictured)?
• Inventing the AIDS Virus, written by molecular biologist Peter Duesberg, argues that AIDS is not infectious and that HIV is an unrelated passenger virus?
• according to (RED), providing health-restoring antiretroviral drugs to HIV positive people in Africa, as described in the documentary The Lazarus Effect, costs US$0.40 per person per day?
• the anabolic steroid Oxandrolone was granted orphan drug status in treatment of alcoholic hepatitis, Turner's syndrome and HIV wasting syndrome?